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HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
Sociology - Anthropology - Philosophy - History - Law - etc.
Play in the city. Parkour and architecture
Autor
Rawlinson & Guaralda
2011
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Proceedings of the First International Conference on Engineering, Designing and Developing the Built Environment for Sustainable Wellbeing
Tipo de publicación
Publicación en congreso
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
The ability to play freely in our cities is essential for sustainable wellbeing. When integrated successfully into our cities, Urban Play performs an important role; physically, socially and culturally contributing to the image of the city. While Urban Play is essential, it also finds itself in conflict with the city. Under modernist urban approaches play activities have become progressively segregated from the urban context through a tripartite of design, procurement and management practices. Despite these restrictions, emergent underground play forms overcome the isolation of play within urban space. One of these activities (parkour) is used as an evocative case study to reveal the hidden urban terrains of desire and fear as it re-interprets the fabric of the city, eliciting practice based discussions about procurement, design and management practice along its route.
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Parkour and the multitude: Politics of a dangerous art
Autor
Guss
2011
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French Cultural Studies
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
danger, fear, multitude, parkour, urban France
Resumen
This article examines the politics of le parkour’ a new global art developed in the Paris suburbs. The practitioners' creative and dangerous movements, as a form of spatial appropriation and as a collectively developed art-form, claim new commons. Their collaborative creation of these commons forges a group identity that allows each member to retain their individuality, forging an integrated but heterogeneous collectivity. This group dynamic, combining singularity and collectivity, suggests a connection to Hardt and Negri's concept of the multitude, a potential, emerging democratic political force in the global information economy. In parkour, the centrality of embracing fear as an aesthetic experience is significant because it is precisely fear that prevents the multitude from forming and reaching its full political power by maintaining the separation of different segments of workers. An art of the multitude, parkour is its microcosm, artistic manifestation, or even harbinger.
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Abordagem histórico-crítica do parkour, seu processo de expansão e realidade na cidade de Salvador
Autor
Lordêllo
2011
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Universidade Federal Da Bahia
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Portugués
Palabras clave
Produção do conhecimento; Cultura Corporal; Parkour; Formação humana
Resumen
A proposta deste estudo se dá a partir da necessidade de apropriação dos conhecimentos da Cultura Corporaleneste trabalho de pesquisa, levantamos como Problemaa seguinte pergunta: Qual a concepção do Parkour e sua relação com a Cultura Corporal a partir dos determinantes sócio-históricos e a realidade na cidade de Salvador/BA?Tem como Objetivo geral analisar sobreos determinantes sócio-históricos do Parkour no seu processo de criação, desenvolvimento, expansão a partir das sistematizações empíricas, dos estudos científicos identificando a realidade do Parkour na cidade de Salvador/BA.Para melhor compreensão dos passos metodológicos que percorrerá esta investigação, dividimos o estudoem dois momentos. O primeiro, tevea finalidade de contribuir através de um estudo bibliográfico, com base nas sistematizações empíricas dos grupos e nos estudos científicos produzidos, para entender os determinantes sócio-históricos.No segundo momento, através spesquisasexploratórias, bibliográficasede campo, verificamosa realidade desta prática corporal na cidade de Salvador/BA, entendendo como este conhecimento se desenvolve e se encontra nos dias atuais, através de visita ao grupocom maior representatividade na cidade e entrevista aberta com ospraticantes. A escolha daapresentação deste projeto em “dividi-lo em dois momentos” foi apenas para fins didáticos, de forma alguma ele se dissocia. Partimos da compreensão de que as práticascorporais são produtos da prática social humana e de expressãoda Cultura Corporal.Assim conseguimos com este estudo, chegar a compreenção que a criação do parkour surge a partir da necessidade que o homem tem de se socializar e se exercitar; tambem chegamosa um conceito sobre parkour, entendendo-o como manifestação da Cultura Corporalhistoricamente construído pela humanidade e a compreenção sobre as problemáticas e possibilidades de superação desta prática corporal na cidade de Salvador/BA
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Lifestyle sport, public policy and youth engagement: Examining the emergence of parkour
Autor
Gilchrist & Wheaton
2011
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International Journal of Sport Policy
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
lifestyle sport, parkour, youth policy, risk, youth, subculture
Resumen
In this article we consider the development of parkour in the South of England and its use in public policy debates and initiatives around youth, physical activity and risk. Based on in-depth qualitative interviews with participants and those involved in the development of parkour in education, sport policy and community-based partnerships, we explore the potential of parkour to engage communities, particularly those traditionally excluded from mainstream sport and physical education provision. We discuss how the perceived success of parkour in these different contexts is related to the culture and ethos of the activity that is more inclusive, anticompetitive and less rule-bound than most traditional sports, and to its ability to provide managed risk-taking. More broadly, the article highlights the emergence of lifestyle sports as tools for policymakers and the potential role these nontraditional, non-institutionalized lifestyle sports can make in terms of encouraging youth engagement, physical health and well-being. Our article therefore contributes to ongoing debates about the (in)ability of traditional sports to meet government targets for sport and physical activity participation.
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Parkour og den mobile teknologi: En etnografisk undersøgelse af fænomenet parkour i dimensionerne krop, by og medialisering
Autor
Klausen
2010
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Qualitative Studies
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Danés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Parkour betegnes af udøverne som en ”bevægelseskunst”. Den grundlæggende idé er at bevæge sig i et flow gennem omgivelserne kun ved brug af kroppen for at komme fra punkt A til punkt B så hurtigt og effektivt som muligt. Udøverne, som kaldes ”traceurs” og primært er unge mænd, traverserer byrummet i højt tempo og flydende bevægelser: De glider over gelændre, husmure, hegn, bænke og parkerede biler. Ofte filmer de deres løb med digitalkameraer og uploader materialet på nettet, hvor det kommenteres af og inspirerer andre traceurs. Hvordan nærmer man sig metodisk en kultur som parkourkulturen, der både er en krops-, en by- og en mediekultur? Artiklen refererer til en nu afsluttet undersøgelse af parkourkulturen og diskuterer et metodisk-teoretisk design, der imødekommer dette spørgsmål. Der peges på, at det snarere end at nærme sig feltet, handler om at følge det og dets transformationer gennem både kropslige, rumlige og medierede aspekter. Denne tilgang laver en heterogen og ”mere-end repræsentationel” mapping og prioriterer det relationelle og flertydige ved at fokusere på mulige forbindelser mellem teori, metode og empiri.
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Running across the rooves of empire: Parkour and the postcolonial city
Autor
Marshall
2010
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Modern and Contemporary France
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
This article examines a common strand of space and power, mediated by comparative notions of empire and its memory. It focuses initially on Quebec City, discussing the relations there between topography and power, in the socio-spatial, including imagined, arrangements that pertain to the division between upper and lower towns, tourist/administrative core and banlieue, as well as the original tension between the administrated city and the vast North American—and native—hinterland. The central text discussed is Pierre Gobeil's Sur le toit des maisons, in which two disaffected young men journey from the lower town to the river by climbing across the rooves of the city. The second half of the article links this to the phenomenon of parkour, in which ‘free-runners’ trace alternative pathways through urban space and which originated in the Paris banlieue. Discussion centres on Michel de Certeau's alternative mappings of the city, but the argument here also invokes embedded, imagined histories and memories of colonial space, and the problem of narrative representation and its ideological resolutions. The article thus alludes to both the first and second French empires, as well as to the role of differently lived francophone histories in the formation of youth narratives and subcultures.
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Cidade lúdica: um estudo antropológico sobre as práticas de Parkour em São Paulo
Autor
Adriano
2010
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Tipo de publicación
Tesis doctoral o similar
Idioma
Portugues
Palabras clave
Antropologia urbana, Cidade, Corpo, Espaco público, Lazer
Resumen
Esta dissertação apresenta o estudo etnográfico sobre as práticas de Le Parkour realizado em São Paulo. Essa nova prática corporal urbana de origem francesa vem ganhando adeptos no mundo todo, principalmente após o advento dos sites de armazenamento de vídeos na internet. Esse estudo pretende traçar um breve histórico das relações entre corpo e cidade tendo como fio condutor da narrativa os lazeres urbanos. Para tanto, almeja-se apresentar as especificidades do Parkour nesse contexto. Ao historicizar o surgimento dessas novas práticas corporais, pretende-se elencar a hipótese de que elas são marcadas pela passagem da sociedade disciplinar para a sociedade de controle. Finalmente, o estudo pretende lançar mão da ideia de construção lúdica da cidade em contraponto à noção de apropriação do espaço urbano.
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Cultures urbaines et activités physiques et sportives. La «sportification» du parkour et du street golf comme médiation culturelle
Autor
Lebreton et al.
2010
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Canadian Review of Sociology
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Francés
Palabras clave
Cultures urbaines, cultures sportives, mediation culturelle, sportification, parkour, street golf, urban culture, sports culture
Resumen
L'article explore le processus de « sportification »– ie. la transformation d'une activité physique en un sport régulé par un ensemble de règles et de normes, légitimées par des institutions de tutelle –à partir de deux pratiques originales que sont le parkour et le street golf. Pour étudier ces pratiques, nous avons croisé les apports de la sociologie urbaine et ceux de la sociologie des sports contemporains en respectant les principes méthodologiques d'une sociologie qualitative. Un premier point porte sur le processus de « sportification » lui‐même, sa définition, ses différentes étapes et le rôle joué par la communication des acteurs concernés sur l'espace public. Cette médiation culturelle nous montre comment le mouvement d'institutionnalisation que représente la « sportification » conduit dans le même temps à une reconfiguration des pratiques physiques elles‐mêmes. Des évènements récents illustrent cette reconfiguration en cours, nous les détaillerons. Enfin, nous montrons les effets produits par le processus sur la définition même des cultures urbaines et sportives : mise en spectacle des activités, collaboration renforcée avec les media‐culturels, polarisation entre différents types de conception et de pratiques, dans le cas du parkour, autour d'une opposition entre deux des fondateurs.
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Sports, Environmentalism, Land Use, and Urban Development
Autor
Mincyte et al.
2009
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Journal of Sport & Social Issues
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Nature, enviroment, space, neoliberalism
Resumen
URL
The Revitalization of Space: Freestyle Parkour and Its Audiences
Autor
Jeanmarie
2009
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Theatre Symposium 17
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Dance Studies, Parkour, Architecture and Public Spaces, Freerunning, Skateboarding,
Resumen
URL
Parkour Vision
Autor
Curtis
2011
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Urban Cinematics: Understanding urban phenomena through the moving image
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Por un parkour filosófico cotidiano
Autor
Arias
2011
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Universidad Pontificia Javeriana
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Vida cotidiana, sentido comun
Resumen
Reinterpretar el problema de la vida cotidiana para la filosofía es lo que se propone Por un parkour filosófico cotidiano . Para ello, en primer lugar, se analiza el concepto de cotidianidad desarrollado por tres importantes filósofos, a saber: Husserl, Heidegger y Wittgenstein. En segundo lugar, se toma como modelo de análisis la reinvención de la práctica cotidiana del caminar que realiza el parkour a lo largo de las calles en donde éste se practica diariamente. Dicha reinvención del caminar permite burlar, como una táctica, el poder hegemónico impuesto, a manera de estrategia, por la organización urbanística, la cual cuadricula el modo de vida del hombre corriente. Pero es sólo él, el hombre diseminado en las calles, quien es capaz de manipular y transformar para su beneficio lo que se le ha impuesto alrededor.
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Nice-looking obstacles: Parkour as urban practice of deterritorialization
Autor
Brunner
2011
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AI and Society
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Most academic publications refer to Parkour as a subversive and embodied tactic that challenges hegemonic discourses of discipline and control. Architecture becomes the playful ground where new ways to move take form. These approaches rarely address the material and embodied relations that occur in these practices and remain on the discursive plane of cultural signifiers. A theory of movement between bodies as the founding aspect of Parkour unfolds alternative concepts of body, space, time and movement beyond the discursive. Movement becomes the leitmotif for a re-conceptualization of the relations between subjects and objects and abandons their division. With the example of Parkour, I will challenge anthropocentric approaches toward embodiment and instead foreground open-ended shifting configurations of places and their relation to movement. Parkour re-shapes rigid concepts of places and their human encounter through movement. Through its encounter with obstacles Parkour activates the silent potential for movement located in the relation between bodies and thus reaches beyond material boundaries (e.g., a wall). As a deterritorializing practice, I will use Parkour to re-consider the relations between different bodies such as architectural configurations, subjects and their urban ecologies to develop a relational model for movement to shape our everyday encounters with matter
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Encouraging physical activity through parkour
Autor
Edwardes
2010
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British Journal of School Nursing
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Dan Edwardes explains the concept behind parkour and how this form of non-competitive sport can help engage all pupils in physical activity and have a postive impact on their health and wellbeing.
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Escenarios culturales juveniles como fenómenos de tendencia. Geocaching, cross golf, parkour y flash mobs en una sociedad sin fronteras
Autor
Bauer
2010
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Münster: Waxmann
Tipo de publicación
Libro
Idioma
Alemán
Palabras clave
Resumen
Los traceurs saltan las paredes durante el parkour, los geocachers intentan esconder el tesoro en la estación de tren principal de la forma más discreta posible, los flshmobbers se sorprenden con eventos cortos sin sentido y los golfistas cruzan los coches viejos y los cristales rotos de las ventanas con sus ataques. Los jóvenes hacen malabares con una amplia variedad de experiencias y crean constantemente nuevas. Fenómenos de tendencia. Son un fondo social creativo y, a pesar del desarrollo demográfico, dan forma a grandes áreas de nuestra sociedad. El estudio empírico permite conocer esta cultura cotidiana multifacética, decodifica sus mecanismos internos y muestra su importancia individual y colectiva.Las escenas jóvenes son expresión y reacción a la pluralización de los entornos de vida y sus formas organizativas también deben servir de modelo para instituciones como fiestas o iglesias si quieren mantener su significación e influencia social en el futuro
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Urbanité ludique et cultures sportives : analyse de quatre pratiques physiques de l’espace parisien
Autor
Lebreton & Héas
2010
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Society & Leisure / Loisir & Société
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Francés
Palabras clave
cultures urbaines, cultures sportives, pratique ludosportive, urbanité ludique.
Resumen
La reconquête de sites urbains et périurbains s’inscrit dans l’évolution des cultures sportives contemporaines. Elle est marquée, entre autres, par l’émergence de pratiques ludosportives alternatives (spéléologie urbaine, parkour, street golf, etc.) qui ne s’inscrivent pas sur les espaces aménagés. Ces pratiques physiques, véritables jeux novateurs, élargissent l’éventail des pratiques culturelles et mobilisent ce que nous appelons une urbanité ludique. La réappropriation des espaces urbains suppose une adaptation des techniques corporelles et sportives usuelles (course, gymnastique, etc.) aux lieux pratiqués : rues, parcs, jardins, places, souterrains, immeubles. Cette réappropriation contribue fortement à développer une légitimité ludique et à souder les participants au sein d’une même communauté pratiquante et auto-organisée. L’identification et le « droit à la ville » analysés ici permettent de distinguer deux logiques d’actions : des pratiques ludosportives urbaines s’inscrivant sur des lieux qui ne se « voient pas » – invisibles ; une seconde concernant les lieux qui se « donnent à voir » – visibles.
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Le libre mouvement des corps : le "parkour", une nouvelle expérience du déplacement dans la ville
Autor
Miaux
2010
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Géographie et cultures
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Francés
Palabras clave
parkour, corps, mise-en-scène, mouvement, espace public, aménagement
Resumen
L’apparition de nouvelles formes de déplacements dans la ville, telles que le « parkour », vient remettre en question la mise en scène et l’aménagement des espaces publics urbains. En effet, cette nouvelle pratique qui consiste à tracer son chemin en étant capable de dépasser certains obstacles, met en scène la liberté de mouvement dans des espaces contraignants. Nous présenterons, pour commencer, les origines du « parkour », le milieu dans lequel il s’est développé, puis nous insisterons sur l’importance accordée au corps, à la liberté de mouvement par les traceurs (pratiquants du « parkour ») et, enfin, nous nous interrogerons sur l’espace public et sur ses mises en scène.
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De peatón a traceur en una diagonal. El parkour en la ciudad de la Plata. Nuevas prácticas, patrimonios motrices y formas de socialidad
Autor
Scarnatto & Díaz
2010
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IV Jornadas de Investigación en Educación Corporal
Tipo de publicación
Publicación en congreso
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Tribus urbanas: Una guía para entender las subculturas juveniles de la actualidad
Autor
Hooft
2009
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Editorial vida
Tipo de publicación
Libro
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Parkour, anarcho-environmentalism, and poiesis
Autor
Atkinson
2009
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Journal of Sport and Social Issues
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Parkour, poiesis, environmentalism, youth sport, Heidegger
Resumen
As innovated by French “free runners” David Belle and Sébastien Foucan in the1990s, Parkour is a physical cultural lifestyle of athletic performance focusing on uninterrupted and spectacular gymnastics over, under, around, and through obstacles in urban settings. Through the public practice of Parkour across late modern cities, advocates collectively urge urban pedestrians to reconsider the role of athleticism in fostering self—other environment connections. This article taps ethnographic data collected on Parkour enthusiasts in Toronto (Canada). For 2 years, the author spent time in the field with “traceurs” (i.e., those who practice Parkour) and conducted open-ended interviews with them regarding their experiences with the movement. In this article, the author explores Parkour as an emerging urban “anarcho-environmental” movement, drawing largely on Heidegger's critique of technology along with Schopenhauer's understanding of the will to interpret the practice of Parkour as a form of urban deconstruction.
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