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HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
Sociology - Anthropology - Philosophy - History - Law - etc.
Blubilds – drawing diagrammatic stains
Autor
Leah
2022
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Drawing: Research, Theory, Practice
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
diagrammatic; drawing; Edgelands encounters; embodied; mapping; Rosalind Krauss
Resumen
This project adopts the concept of a dance diagram such as Andy Warhol’s Fox Trot (1962) introduced by Rosalind Krauss in her writing on the relationship of material forces in a diagrammatic structure to create a model of notation with actions and objects derived from Edgelands. Coined by Marion Shoard, Edgelands are post-industrial cityscapes, a typology of abandon, dereliction and decay. Shoard notes these sites are characterized by creative cultural practices of photography and graffiti; urban explorers, parkour. My Blubilds project aimed to challenge these cultural practices of parkour and graffiti to provoke new engagement in those sites. To this end, I apply the concept of Rosalind Krauss’s resistant diagram and gravity I adapted from Formless: A User’s Guide (Bois and Krauss 1997). Gravity is a force of undoing to remake spaces – and I draw with my body and equipment to facilitate gravity within a dance diagram to create a new space. This contrasts the cultural practices such as Graffiti and parkour and breaks with those existing activities to tag, mark and leave a new trace in Edgelands. Blubilds draw a live embodied diagram, based on the movement patterns found in Edgeland sites, since ‘action’ is to draw a line with the body. Tim Ingold’s approach to drawing informs my perspective that lines of movement that draw (in) place engage with the lived narratives of those places. Ingold suggests that the narratives that make place are created by entangled lines created by movement; furthermore, to ‘draw out’ – as in Douglas Rosenberg’s (2012) phrase – suggests that drawing in place ‘draws-out’ new spaces. Blue is emblematic as a nod to Krauss’s ‘rude noise, the blueprint and the acts of Graffiti’, it becomes Blubilds – a dynamic diagrammatic stain
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Young parkour traceurs in Mexico City: A new way to meaning and identity in urban spaces
Autor
Islas & Varela
2022
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Semiotica
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
parkour; semiotics of culture; semiotics of sports; sociosemiotics; urban cultural practices; virtual spaces
Resumen
The practice of parkour in urban spaces by young people, especially those who call themselves traceurs ("plotters"), illustrates how identities are formed in an ephemeral way by reinterpreting spaces in the city-briefly and without leaving a trace. However, in a sort of paradox, these interventions are registered in the socio-digital spectrum, tokenistically anchoring and incorporating them into conversations and social interactions. This work aims to explain the practice of the sport called parkour as a socio-semiotic phenomenon. We have used some zones of Mexico City as a specific case for our approach. The foregoing leads to the conclusion that the meaning of parkour goes beyond its recreational role and places it as a relevant piece of identity for excluded urban social groups-even though these practices have been appropriated by marketing strategies. Our approach will use a cultural semiotics perspective, as well as direct observations and interviews as research techniques.
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Body-Space-Relation in Parkour : Street Practices and Visual Representations
Autor
Braune
2021
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Media and Mapping Practices in the Middle East and North Africa
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Morocco, parkour, body, street
Resumen
Parkour today is a global subcultural scene that combines street with media practices. Parkour consists of a local moment, fundamentally concerned with the materiality of the street, and simultaneously of a global digital discourse, which involves millions of parkour actors. While the spatial knowledge requires a very close knowledge and tactile contact of the surface’s nature of space, the media representations seem to ref lect an opposite image, namely the detachedness of space. In this chapter, I will address the question of space-making and spatial practices in Morocco and the relation to parkour’s visual representations.
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Young Gazan Refugees, Sport and Social Media: Understanding Migration as a Process of Becoming
Autor
Thorpe & Wheaton
2021
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International Migration Review
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
migration, Gaza, young refugees, sport, social media
Resumen
Located at the intersection of two key literatures—refugee and sport migration studies—this article offers original insights into the lived and embodied experiences of young men migrating from Gaza to Europe. Drawing upon interviews with young Gazan men throughout the migration process and upon digital ethnography conducted from 2013 to 2018, it explains how these men used their physical prowess in the informal sport of parkour, combined with digital entrepreneurialism, to navigate alternative routes of migration to Europe. In prioritizing the young men’s narratives and offering rich empirical insight into the creative actions and strategic decisions made by youth at various stages throughout migration journeys, we challenge dominant portrayals of young refugees as “victims.” Migration is, thus, revealed as an ongoing and multi-dimensional process of becoming that operates within and across physical and digital spaces and over time. The first to evidence the struggles, creativity, and agency of Gazan youth in their efforts to escape lives of conflict and poverty, the article also prompts conceptual and methodological questions for youth and sport migration research. In particular, it highlights the need to explore the possibilities of digital methodologies for understanding the experiences of those in “hard to reach” places and those “on the move.”
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Skate, parkour y barras en la Ciudad de México
Autor
Varela et al
2021
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Sociología del Deporte
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Parkour, Skateboarding, Barras, Masculinidad, Espacio Público
Resumen
En este artículo se expone un resumen de resultados referentes a una investigación realizada en la Ciudad de México, en la que se estudian tres actividades físicas, surgidas en países occidentales centrales durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX, pero ampliamente practicadas en dicha ciudad: skateboarding, parkour y barras o street workout. La atención del texto se centra en el carácter urbano y masculinizado de estas disciplinas, así como en sus dimensiones lúdicas, estilísticas y estéticas, mismas que son reivindicadas por sus practicantes. Para lo anterior, mostramos algunos datos obtenidos mediante un cuestionario aplicado en campo y por medio de entrevistas semi-estructuradas realizadas a practicantes varones, así como algunas observaciones obtenidas de plataformas digitales. Además, se ofrece un esfuerzo por conceptualizar tales actividades dentro de una red de categorías propias de la sociología del deporte, esto en el intento de subrayar sus rasgos como deportes callejeros.
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The Poor “Wealth” of Brazilian Football: How Poverty May Shape Skill and Expertise of Players
Autor
Uehara et al.
2021
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Front Sports Act Living
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
ecological dynamics, skill acquisition, football, poverty, affordances landscapes
Resumen
Worldwide, 1.3 billion people live in Poverty, a socio-economic status that has been identified as a key determinant of a lack of sports participation. Still, numerous athletes around the world have grown up in underprivileged socio-economic conditions. This is the case in Brazil, a country with around 13.5 million impoverished citizens, yet, over decades, many of its best professional footballers have emerged from its favelas. In this article, we explore the role of the socio-cultural-economic constraints in shaping the development of skill and expertise of Brazilian professional football players. The methodological and epistemological assumptions of the “Contextualized Skill Acquisition Research” (CSAR) approach are used as an underpinning framework for organizing and analyzing data. Results suggested that, at the exosystemic level of Brazilian society, Poverty emerges as an influential constraint that can potentially enrich football development experiences of Brazilian players. Poverty, however, is not the direct causation of outstanding football skill development. Rather, from the perspective of ecological dynamics, Poverty creates specific contexts that can lead to the emergence of physical as well as socio-cultural environment constraints (e.g., Pelada, Malandragem) that can shape affordances (opportunities) for skill acquisition. These ideas suggest the need to ensure that environmental constraints can support people to amuse themselves cheaply, gain access to employment opportunities and maintain health and well-being through (unstructured and more structured) sport and physical activities in dense urban environments such as favelas, inner city areas, and banlieues. For this purpose, design of open play areas and even parkour installations can provide affordances landscapes for physical activity and sports participation in urban settings.
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Parkour and street culture: Conviviality, law and the negotiation of urban space
Autor
Gilchrist & Osborn
2020
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Routledge Handbook of Street Culture Oxon Routledge.
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
parkour, mediated conviviality, street culture, negotiation, public space
Resumen
URL
Parkour y skateboard, intersubjetividad en las calles de la ciudad de Bogotá
Autor
Cortés-Murillo
2020
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Eleuthera
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Parkour; skate; intersubjetividad; Prácticas urbanas
Resumen
Objetivo. Interpretar los sentidos y significados que subyacen en las relaciones que los practicantes de parkour y skateboard tejen dentro de su práctica y con los demás habitantes de la ciudad. Metodología. Este es un estudio fenomenológico que recurre a entrevistas de discusión y entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a grupos e individuos que hacen parte de las prácticas. Resultados. Los resultados indican que las relaciones intersubjetivas en la práctica se caracterizan por su horizontalidad, en ellas los saberes y experiencias valen por su carácter formativo y amistoso y no por la jerarquía. Dentro de las practicas la interrelación de los sujetos está circunscrita a la solidaridad, la responsabilidad, la motivación y cuidado del otro. Conclusión. Los procesos de subjetivación e intersubjetividad se alimentan del sí mismo de los otros, traceurs y skaters proyectan no solo sus propias subjetividades, sino que reflejan algunas formas de aquellos con los que confrontan.
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Vivir el Parkour: cartografías de imágenes y experiencias de la desigualdad
Autor
Castro
2020
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Question
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Parkour ; Juventudes ; Ciudades ; Género ; Desigualdad
Resumen
Partiendo de considerar a las ciudades como espacios en construcción constante en la que se expresan no solo múltiples prácticas y modos de vida, sino también las luchas por el poder de enunciación, las diversidades y desigualdades materiales y simbólicas. Este trabajo pretende dar cuenta sobre la manera en que las y los jóvenes de la ciudad de Perico, provincia de Jujuy, adscriptos y adscriptas al Parkour, construyen su experiencia en la ciudad, viviendo, reproduciendo, trasgrediendo y negociando condiciones de desigualdad, reconociendo además en estos procesos las inequidades y relaciones de poder que se dan entre los géneros. El Parkour como práctica corporal basada en el trazado por diversos espacios de las ciudades a través de múltiples movimientos que deben ser fundamentalmente fluidos, emergió con intensidad en los últimos años y exige ser explorado para vislumbrar los diversos procesos comunicacionales contemporáneos en esta localidad. En esta tarea, la presente investigación se presenta como una descripción e interpretación desde una perspectiva sociocultural de las ciudades y las juventudes, sustentada en un trabajo etnográfico que nos posibilitó comprender los procesos sociales desde la perspectiva de las y los jóvenes protagonistas. Las entrevistas, los diálogos, la observación participante y no participante en el campo les dan cuerpo y sustento a las reflexiones aquí propuestas.
URL
Parkour: playing the modern, accelerated city
Autor
Højbjerre
2020
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Journal of the Philosophy of Sport
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
alienation, parkour play, resonance, sport critique, sportification
Resumen
In this article, I argue that parkour can be understood as a way to recapture moments of non-alienated human experience in urban space. I draw on Hartmut Rosa’s theory of temporally caused alienation and Edward Casey´s phenomenological study of place and space. Based on empirical data I describe how the practitioners aren’t indifferent to urban space, but they carry a unique material curiousness and a concrete physical presence wherever they go, thereby enabling an experience of resonance. Even though parkour, as well as other informal sports, is subjected to societal patterns of sportification, acceleration and alienation, it is a good example proving that human beings can transform, for a moment, the most alienated environment, into a place of play.
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What Makes Parkour Unique? A Narrative Review Across Miscellaneous Academic Fields
Autor
Pagnon et al.
2022
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Sports medicine
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Parkour is a growing sport that mostly involves jumping, vaulting over obstacles, and climbing in a non-dedicated setting. The authors gathered all known relevant literature across miscellaneous academic fields in order to define parkour with regard to other sports disciplines. Parkour is a lifestyle sport, and as such provides an alternative to mainstream sports, away from strict rules, standardized settings, and necessary competitions. Traceurs (parkour adepts) consider the city as a playground and as an outlet for their creativity, but they also have a strong taste for hard and individualized challenges. They usually train on non-specific structures, at ground level. Although their social background is not clear, they are mostly young and male. Traceurs are stronger than recreational athletes, especially in eccentric exercises. However, their endurance skills may be below average. One of the core specificities of parkour is its precision constraint at landing, which turns a standing long jump into a precision jump, regulated in flight so as to prepare for landing. The running precision jump follows the same landing pattern, and its flight phase contrasts with long jump techniques. Injuries, which are not more frequent than in other sports, often occur at landing and to lower limb extremities. This risk is mitigated by targeting the landing area with the forefoot instead of letting the heel hit the ground like in gymnastics, or with rolling in order to dissipate the impact. Overall, parkour focuses on adaptability to new environments, which leads to specific techniques that have not yet been extensively addressed by the literature.
URL
Contested bodies in a regenerating city: post-migrant men's contingent citizenship, parkour and diaspora spaces
Autor
De Martini Ugolotti
2022
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Leisure Studies
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Parkour, right to the city, contingent citizenship, diaspora space
Resumen
The following paper contributes to interdisciplinary debates at the intersection of informal sport/leisure, migration and urban studies. It does so by drawing on an ethnographic research with young men of migrant origins in Turin, Italy, and by addressing the relevance of parkour in the participants’ experiences and negotiations of ‘what it means to (not) belong’ in urban spaces. The focus on parkour provides a unique entry point to address the politics of belonging that unfold in urban spaces as contested sites where competing images of the city, the nation and of who belongs to them converge, clash and overlap. This is particularly relevant, though not limited to the Italian context, where political narratives and realities still legally and socially define the children of migration as alien bodies in the nation, while Turin’s urban leaderships portray youth cultures and multicultural diversity as assets for the city’s symbolic, cultural and financial regeneration. As the intersection of such discourses shapes the manifold ways through which post-migrant urban subjects become essentialised, valorised and pathologised in Turin, the paper’s findings foreground the relevance of informal sports as entry points to (re)consider discussions on citizenship, conviviality and rights (to the city) in contemporary urban contexts.
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Masters of Chancery: The Gift of Public Space
Autor
Kingwell
2021
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Public Space Reader
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Public space is the age’s master signifier. A loose and elastic notion that is variously deployed to defend architecture, to decry civic squares, to promote graffiti artists, skateboarders, jay-walkers, parkour aficionados, pie-in-the-face guerrillas, underground capture the flag enthusiasts, flashmob surveillance-busters, and other grid-resistant everyday anarchists. It is the unit of choice when it comes to understanding pollution, predicting political futures, thinking about citizenship, lauding creativity, and worrying about food, water, or the environment. Access to such goods is supposed to be of common interest. Unfortunately, when unmanaged, even abundant public goods are frequently subject to what the economist Garrett Hardin called “the tragedy of the commons.” In the classical ideal theory, positional public goods and public positional goods should be contradictions in terms: anything zero-sum is not public, and anything public is not subject to relative gain. In reality, the various hybrids of publicness and exclusive competition are unfortunately common.
URL
Parkour, transpondo o obstáculo da competição
Autor
Pereira & Batista
2021
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Conexoes
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Portugués
Palabras clave
Parkour, Competição, Esporte
Resumen
O parkour é uma nova versão esportiva, criado nos subúrbios de França que se opõe ao agonismo próprio da modernidade e parece confrontar as certezas que o positivismo engendra. Este trabalho tem por objetivo conhecer os praticantes de parkour e entender como concebem o conceito de competição que começa a ser disseminado nele. Método: Uma pesquisa exploratória com oitenta e quatro sujeitos foi aplicada em praticantes de todo o Brasil. Resultados: Os resultados permitem dizer que os jovens são aqueles que mais procuram o parkour e que os grupos são heterogêneos, ainda se percebe que as mulheres precisam conquistar seu espaço, pois não são protagonistas na modalidade. Conclusão: Verificou-se que há interesses da Federação Internacional de Ginástica em agrupar o parkour como uma de suas disciplinas e que os praticantes brasileiros não têm um consenso sobre se aceitam a competição ou não.
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An exploration of a traceur's experience of lack of progression in parkour: a grounded theory study
Autor
Torchia
2021
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London Metropolitan University.
Tipo de publicación
Tesis doctoral o similar
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
parkour practitioners; traceurs; parkour training
Resumen
Parkour is an exciting, complex and at times risky art form in the sporting world. Officially incorporated as a sport in the UK in 2017 (Parkour UK, 2019) but born in France almost 30 years ago (Belle, 2009). Parkour consists of practitioners finding a route through predominantly urban terrain, mastering various physical and psychological skills to overcome obstacles in the most efficient, effective way possible (Belle, 2009). Although initially proposed as a noncompetitive discipline, it is now headed for the Olympics in 2022 (Gillen, 2020). Possibly due to the relative novelty of parkour and the buzz surrounding it, little to no research to date has reviewed the deterrents, hurdles and various physical, mental, emotional and social stressors that practitioners may experience during parkour training, that is in direct relationship with the discipline’s practice and delivery hurdles.
URL
Parkour: playing the modern, accelerated city
Autor
Hojbjerre Larsen
2021
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Journal of the Philosophy of Sport
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
parkour, play, resonance, alienation, sport critique, sportification
Resumen
In this article, I argue that parkour can be understood as a way to recapture moments of non-alienated human experience in urban space. I draw on Hartmut Rosa’s theory of temporally caused alienation and Edward Casey´s phenomenological study of place and space. Based on empirical data I describe how the practitioners aren’t indifferent to urban space, but they carry a unique material curiousness and a concrete physical presence wherever they go, thereby enabling an experience of resonance. Even though parkour, as well as other informal sports, is subjected to societal patterns of sportification, acceleration and alienation, it is a good example proving that human beings can transform, for a moment, the most alienated environment, into a place of play.
URL
Saltando, corriendo y desplazándoseLa experiencia corporal del espacio público desde la práctica de parkour en Talca, Chile
Autor
Sepúlveda
2020
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URBS: Revista de estudios urbanos y ciencias sociales
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Cuerpo; espacio público; heterotopía; parkour
Resumen
En la sociedad contemporánea se han promovido ciertas formas de moverse corporalmente en los espacios públicos, limitando las formas de experimentarlos. Sin embargo, han surgido distintas prácticas que reclaman un lugar en la ciudad. Entre éstas se destaca el parkour, como una práctica que utiliza el cuerpo para desplazarse en la ciudad y sus espacios públicos. En este sentido, esta investigación, a través de una perspectiva etnográfica, centró su interés en comprender la manera en que los practicantes de parkour experimentan corporalmente la ciudad, a través de los usos que otorgan a los espacios públicos y los movimientos corporales que realizan en éstos. Como resultados principales, se encontró que: (1) los practicantes de parkour realizan una imitación de movimientos animales para desplazarse en los espacios públicos; y que (2) existe un proceso de imaginación, mediante el cual los practicantes de parkour convierten el espacio en una «heterotopía» para experimentarlo corporalmente
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Un sueño que no agranda el mundo ¿es acaso el sueño de un poeta?” Estudio cr´tico sobre la puesta en escena de Altazor o El viaje en paracaídas.
Autor
Pualín et al.
2020
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MAGOTZI Boletín Científico de Artes del IA
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Displazement, teatro, transdisciplina, Altazor o el Viaje en Paracaídas, Instituto de Artes UAEH
Resumen
El siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo compartir los hallazgos y las experiencias del proyecto de investigación titulado Creación transdisciplinaria en espacios alternativos a partir del Displazement. Financiado por el Programa de Mejoramiento del Profesorado (PROMEP), en su emisión 2018-2019;este proyecto de investigación incluía una puesta en escena, tres artículos y un documental. Su propósito era indagar en la posibilidad de generar un espacio íntimo en un lugar al aire libre, a través de un lenguaje creado por un sincretismo entre el teatro y el Displazement; 2una disciplina urbana que nace del Parkoury que consiste en explorar las posibilidades de desplazamiento en el entorno, creando y resolviendo dificultades a través de los recursos físicos disponibles.Este texto recoge, organiza y examina los elementos que integran la creación del espacio escénico; tanto aquellos que corresponden al plano físico, conformado por el escenario y los elementos escenográficos; como al plano interior, constituido por las imágenes y las emociones de los actores y los espectadores que conformaron este proyecto, único en su tipo.
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Condições sociais de emergência de um subcampo esportivoo caso do parkour.
Autor
Vieira et al.
2020
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Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Portugués
Palabras clave
Esportes. Institucionalização. Esportivização. Pierre Bourdieu.
Resumen
Esse artigo analisa a constituição histórica do subcampo esportivo do parkour sob a perspectiva teórica de Pierre Bourdieu. Remete-se à uma abordagem sociológica de caráter descritivo-analítico, cujo material empírico expressa-se na produção online dos praticantes. Em linhas gerais, o processo de desenvolvimento do parkour evidencia a influência da midiatização dos bens culturais e a incorporação de elementos da lógica esportiva que produziram transformações na estruturação da modalidade e no habitus dos agentes. O surgimento de instituições reguladoras, programas de profissionalização e competições introduziram e acentuaram uma distinção entre amadores e profissionais, configurando relações de poder no interior da prática.
URL
Parkour as Hyper-conformity to Consumerism in Times of Austerity and Insecurity
Autor
Kuldova
2019
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Journal of Extreme Anthropology
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
parkour, capitalism, consumerism, leisure, deviance
Resumen
Book Review of Parkour, Deviance and Leisure in the Late-capitalist city: An Ethnography by Thomas Raymen
URL
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