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HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
Sociology - Anthropology - Philosophy - History - Law - etc.
Everyday aesthetics in action: Parkour eyes and the beauty of concrete walls
Autor
Ameel & Tani
2012
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Emotion, Space and Society
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Everyday enviroment, everyday aesthetics, parkour eyes, urban enviroment, sense of place
Resumen
Parkour is a physical discipline practised in public and semi-public spaces, most often in urban environments. In this article, the potential of parkour to open up new perspectives on everyday surroundings will be considered. Special attention will be paid to the ways in which practitioners of parkour (traceurs) build unique and highly embodied relationships with their daily space. Emotions that they attach to their environments and their aesthetic appreciation of mundane surroundings will be explored. The interpretations are based on in-depth interviews with traceurs in two cities in Finland, Helsinki and Jyväskylä. For them, the most inspiring environments combine different heights with solid structures that provide a good grip. Concrete is considered the ideal material, and suburban landscapes, which are often thought of as boring or even ugly by other urban dwellers, are highly valued among traceurs. Traceurs speak of ‘parkour eyes’, a specific way of looking; gradually, places which have not previously been seen as attractive or appealing start to reveal interesting details and opportunities for inventive practice. Although parkour does not leave any physical traces on the environment, it has the potential to make mundane environments visible as well as to reveal some of the aesthetic potential imbedded therein. In doing so, parkour questions established ideas of interesting and valuable environments and reassesses the aesthetic values of our everyday environments.
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A door for creativity-art and competition in parkour
Autor
O'Loughlin
2012
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Theatre, Dance and Performance Training
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Parkour, Competition, Art, Training, Performance-Parkour
Resumen
With the growth in popularity of Parkour has come the rise of a competition circuit and organised efforts to see the discipline recognised as a sport, complete with coaching certifications and a move towards a nationally adopted accreditation. Whilst these competitions have gained mainstream media coverage and a very high level of corporate sponsorship, they've also been dogged by injuries and a noticeable lack of “fluidity of movement” – which is often described as the main aim of Parkour. If Parkour IS recognised as a sport, what impact will this have on those practitioners looking to engage with the form through an artistic practice? And how does the lure of competition effect the development of training models? In this article we'll argue that a sporting definition for Parkour would come with risks to its creative future; limiting innovation and artistic development. We'll draw on the history of vertical skateboarding to see what lessons can be learned there, and we'll examine the words of Parkour's co-creators – how do they define the discipline? Does the fact that none of them has entered competition point to a different route for the artistic development of “Performance-Parkour?” And how have our own experiences with the Urban Playground Team and Gravity Style defined our own training regime?
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Coletivos juvenis e parkour no Brasil: percursos interculturais e identidades
Autor
Silva
2012
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Tomo
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Portugés
Palabras clave
Juventudes; Coletivos Juvenis; Interculturalidade; Identidades.
Resumen
Este trabalho problematiza os achados de estudo de campo realizado junto a coletivos juvenis de Teresina-PI-Brasil, mais especificamente junto aos jovens praticantes de Parkour, utilizando-se da etnografia, da entrevista grupal e da fotografia. Os resultados apontam a positividade dos coletivos e culturas juvenis para as sociabilidades partilhadas e identidades construídas em contextos de interculturalidade local-global, apontando para a caracterização dos processos identitários juvenis como relacionais, fluidos e abertos.
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Novas visibilidades e configurações do espaço público em São Paulo
Autor
Do Rio
2012
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Novos Estudos CEBRAP
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Portugés
Palabras clave
Espaço público; grafitti; pixação; deslocamentos urbanos.
Resumen
Uma série de intervenções produzidas por homens jovens estão transformando os espaços públicos de São Paulo e rearticulando as profundas desigualdades sociais que sempre marcaram a cidade. O artigo analisa dois modos de intervenção: a produção de inscrições e o deslocamento pelo espaço urbano. A "produção de inscrições" refere-se à proliferação de grafites e pixações, ambos em estilos típicos de São Paulo. Já o deslocamento espacial alude às novas práticas de circulação pela cidade, como o motociclismo, o skate e o parkour. Essas intervenções garantem uma nova visibilidade a jovens vindos das periferias, desafiam noções prévias sobre o funcionamento dos espaços públicos, e revelam novas contradições da esfera pública democrática.
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Deportes informales para conquistar los espacios urbanos. El caso de Paris
Autor
Lebreton et al.
2012
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Gazeta de Antropologia
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
deportes informales | cultura urbana | golf urbano | salto BASE | espeleología urbana
Resumen
La reconquista de los lugares urbanos y suburbanos es parte de la evolución contemporánea del deporte. Esta situación marca, entre otras cosas, la aparición de prácticas deportivas "informales" (por ejemplo, espeleología urbana, parkour, golf urbano y salto BASE), unas prácticas innovadoras que amplían la gama de culturas urbanas, mostrando una nueva manera más lúdica de entender la ciudad. Al mismo tiempo, la recuperación de los espacios urbanos requiere de una adaptación de los equipos técnicos y de los deportes habituales a los lugares en donde se practican: calles, parques, jardines, plazas, subterráneos y edificios. Esta reapropiación contribuye en gran medida a desarrollar una legitimidad lúdica de esos espacios. La identificación y el "derecho a la ciudad" aquí analizados muestran dos lógicas de acción: prácticas urbanas lúdico-deportivas realizadas en sitios "no visibles", y una segunda desarrollada en espacios "para ser vistos".
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Extreme landscapes of leisure: Not a hap-hazardous sport
Autor
Laviolette
2012
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Routledge
Tipo de publicación
Libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
In recent years, there has been an increased engagement throughout the social sciences with the study of extreme places and practices. Dangerous games and adventure tours have shifted from being marginal, exotic or mad to being more than merely acceptable. They are now exemplary, mainstream even: there are a variety of new types, increasing numbers of people are doing them and they are being appropriated and have infiltrated more and more contexts. This book argues that hazardous sports and adventure tourism have become rather paradoxical. As a set of activities where players and holidaymakers are closer to death or danger than they would otherwise be, they are the complete opposite of normal games or vacations. Adventure sports and tours reverse the general definition of a holiday as being an escape from the seriousness of everyday life, as in most cases, they are innately serious, requiring as they do 'life or death' decision-making. Beginning with the rise in colonial explorations and moving on to consider the Dangerous Sports Club of Oxford, this book examines the increasing phenomena of adventure sports such as bungy jumping, cliff jumping or 'tomb-stoning', surfing and parkour within a framework of positive risk. It explores how certain assumptions about knowledge, agency, the body and nature are beginning to coalesce around newly developing spheres of social relations. Additionally, extreme games have become activities that are germane to the dawning of green social thought and so the book also addresses issues that deal with the intimate connections that exist between pleasure and the moral responsibility towards the environment.
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Le Parkour: Urban Street Culture and the Commoditization of Male Youth Expression
Autor
Stapleton & Terrio
2012
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International Migration
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
This article considers the global distribution and commoditization of an extreme sport, Le Parkour, which was popularized by working class Parisian teenagers from the marginalized suburban projects. It examines the transformation of a localized phenomenon associated with the subversive use of urban space into a globalized and dynamic cultural form practiced on the street, in films and theatrical productions and in on‐line communities. The authors study the discourses surrounding le parkour ‐‐ the origin stories, myths, movements, and philosophies of practice that attract followers. Analysis of Le Parkour offers a unique vantage point from which to understand transnational cultural flows, the construction of hybridized identities and the commoditization of youth expression.
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The semiotics of parkour
Autor
Leone
2012
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Kodikas / Code
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
The present article is part of a vast research and publication project whose main purpose is to reveal some of the essential characteristics of the phenomenology and semiotics of belonging in contemporary societies and cultures. Such purpose is pursued through the analysis of the way in which these characteristics are manifested by various kinds of physical and conceptual (dis)placements across identity frontiers. The article, in particular, proposes a phenomenological and semiotic reflection on the dialectics between two opposite agencies. On the one hand, the agency of political power as it is expressed in the utopia of controlling the frontiers of belonging through centralized urban and architectural planning. On the other hand, the urban phenomenon of parkour as sum of individual agencies that seeks to defy political power, its utopia of centralized control, and the urban frontiers of belonging that it brings about. Such challenge is undertaken by means of a practice (and performance) of physical (dis)placement through space, which systematically defies its urban and architectural structure.
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El parkour en la ciudad. Reflexiones en torno a una nueva práctica corporal
Autor
Diaz & Molejón
2011
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IX Congreso Argentino y Lationamericano de Educación Física y Ciencias
Tipo de publicación
Publicación en congreso
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Parkour, Prácticas corporales, Ciudad, Cuerpo, Cultura corporal.
Resumen
La siguiente ponencia se enmarca en el contexto del proyecto de investigación “El campo de las prácticas corporales en la ciudad de La Plata”, el cual aborda una reconstrucción del campo de prácticas y saberes corporales existentes en la ciudad de La Plata, a partir de la transformación de los capitales culturales existentes y la emergencia de nuevas prácticas. Entre tantas propuestas corporales que se observan actualmente en la ciudadteniendo en cuenta el trabajo de campo llevado adelante en el proyecto de investigación-, hemos seleccionado para esta ponencia una “nueva” práctica: el Parkour. A modo de una primera aproximación conceptual, el Parkour es una disciplina que consiste en desplazarse de un punto a otro lo más fluidamente posible, usando principalmente las habilidades del cuerpo. Tomando a las prácticas corporales como configuraciones de movimiento que se despliegan en específicas situaciones culturales de realización, esta ponencia intentará trazar líneas que caracterizan al Parkour para comprender su lógica e incursionar de este modo en una manifestación actual de una nueva cultura corporal. El origen, los modos, lugares, saberes y móviles de la práctica, así como también el uso de la tecnología y el escenario urbano otorgarán indicios sobre los caminos posibles por los que circula el Parkour.
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Itinerarios del cuerpo y la ciudad. El caso del parkour en la ciudad de la Plata
Autor
Scarnatto & Villagrán
2011
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IX Congreso Argentino y Lationamericano de Educación Física y Ciencias
Tipo de publicación
Publicación en congreso
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Cuerpo, Ciudad, Prácticas corporales, Urbanidad, Parkour
Resumen
Se trata aquí de observar y comprender la relación – para nosotros dialéctica – entre la ciudad y los sujetos que la habitan. El análisis se centra en las maneras corporales de ser y estar que los ciudadanos producen y reproducen en los diferentes espacios urbanos. Partimos de la idea que ni el cuerpo ni la ciudad son dados. Antes bien los consideramos construcciones sociohistóricas y culturales que adoptan características particulares en contextos específicos. En este sentido resultan apropiadas las categorías Practicas Corporales y Urbanidad. Ambas construcciones dinámicas y complejas sostenidas e impulsadas por los sujetos en sus interacciones sociales. Abordando las prácticas y los discursos de los aficionados al Parkour en tanto práctica corporal urbana emergente de las ciudades contemporáneas, pretendemos comprender y explicar los procesos de construcción del cuerpo y la ciudad que allí suceden. El abordaje metodológico para la recolección de información consistió en observación no participante, entrevistas abiertas y semi-estructuradas y visitas de sitios Web específicos. Desde esta mirada, entendemos que la urbe imprime sus formas y sus sentidos en la piel de los ciudadanos, pero se retroalimenta con el latir del ritmo de los cuerpos que la habitan.
URL
Parkour, The Affective Appropriation of Urban Space, and the Real/Virtual Dialectic
Autor
Kidder
2012
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City and Community
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Parkour is a new sport based on athletically and artistically overcoming urban obstacles. In this paper, I argue that the real world practices of parkour are dialectically intertwined with the virtual worlds made possible by information and communication technologies. My analysis of parkour underscores how globalized ideas and images available through the Internet and other media can be put into practice within specific locales. Practitioners of parkour, therefore, engage their immediate, physical world at the same time that they draw upon an imagination enabled by their on‐screen lives. As such, urban researchers need to consider the ways that virtual worlds can change and enhance how individuals understand and utilize the material spaces of the city.
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My city moving. How the practice of parkour deepens the landscape of London
Autor
Merzel
2012
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Universidad de Utrecht
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
This study looks into the relationship between movement and the environment through an anthropological understanding of the manner in which the practice of parkour deepens the landscape of London. An embodied understanding of the practice of parkour – a process called ‘becoming’ – enables anthropology to gain insight into the world of the traceurs. Through ‘parkour vision’, traceurs deepen their perceptions of the city. Movement offers practitioners the possibilities to explore both the social and the physical aspects of the urban environment. Through parkour, traceurs generate shared experience by facing similar challenges and fears. These shared experiences take place directly and indirectly as they become part of the city’s surface itself.
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Chaos and creativity of play. Designing emotional engagement in public spaces
Autor
Rawlinson & Guaralda
2012
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8th International Design and Emotion Conference.
Tipo de publicación
Publicación en congreso
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Play, Parkour, Urban, Architecture
Resumen
How do we create strong urban narratives? How do we create affection for our cities? Play, an essential part of any species' biological existence and development, can often be perceived as chaotic and derogatory to social and spatial order. Play is also often perceived as a creative force which generates social and spatial value. This paper looks at the design approaches to both chaotic and creative perceptions of publics at play in urban space. Commonly, Urban and Architectural Design constitutes reactive management of perceived chaos, which derogatorily effects our sensory and emotional engagement with space. Alternatively, Urban and Architectural Design can appeal to the creativity of play, by encouraging unsolicited novelty that is vital to strong experiential narratives in the city and iterating environments that encourage the emergence of physical, emotional and cultural invention.
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An existential phenomenological examination of parkour and freerunning
Autor
Clegg & Butryn
2012
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Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
embodiment; lifestyle sports; parkour; phenomenology; risk
Resumen
The purpose of this investigation was to explore the embodied experiences of practitioners of parkour and freerunning. Phenomenological interviews were conducted with 11 (9 male and 2 female) intermediate-to-advanced traceurs (parkour practitioners) ranging from 18 to 33 years old. Specifically, MerleauPonty’s phenomenological approach, which focuses on bodily perspective, was used to uncover and describe the meaning of these experiences. Following lengthy in-depth phenomenological interviews, two dimensions emerged: bodily experience and interactive experience. Several supporting themes also emerged, including play, movement and risk within the bodily experience dimension, and community, public and world within the interactive experience dimension. The findings of this study provide new perspectives of the experiences and meanings associated with participating in parkour and freerunning, and both support and contradict previous academic work on parkour.
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Parkour o l'art du déplacement. Interacciones cuerpo y entorno.
Autor
Ferrero
2012
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40th Conference of the International Association for the Philosophy of Sport
Tipo de publicación
Publicación en congreso
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Parkour, espacio urbano, sublime, cuerpo, límite, libertad
Resumen
El trabajo trata de abordar la cuestión del parkour como actividad en el medio urbano capaz de generar nuevos espacios y de establecer un análisis dentro del marco de la estética de lo sublime. Se dividirá en tres partes: una introducción en la que esbozar una línea de evolución y una aclaración, qué es el parkour; en segundo lugar, el desarrollo en el que se hablará del parkour como actividad exploratoria y comunicativa; para seguir con la relación que se pretende establecer con la sublimidad; por último las consideraciones finales al respecto del tema.
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Athletes and street acrobats: designing for play as a community value in parkour
Autor
Waern et al.
2012
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Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Tipo de publicación
Publicación en congreso
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Parkour; Freerunning; Youth Culture; Design; Mobile service; Location-based service; fun; sports; community
Resumen
Participatory design methods face challenges when designing for a widespread youth community. In such projects, it is not enough to design in collaboration with a few selected individuals; one must also strive to understand the community at a deeper level and incorporate its values and practices into the design solution. We report on our process of designing with, and for, an identified youth group: the Parkour and Freerunning community. We show how the successful design relied not only on employing methods of participatory observation and participatory design, but also on acquiring an understanding of the practice as a "fun community", valuing play over achievement and competition.
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Mikrokartografia hiritarrak. Hiri-espazioaren eta arkitekturaren irakurketa, skate eta parkour kirolen eskutuk
Autor
Uriarte
2012
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Aldiri: arkitektura eta abar
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Euskera
Palabras clave
Resumen
Hiriko espazio publikoa kirola praktikatzeko modu sortzailean darabilte bai skaterrek bai parkourlariek. Kirol horietako bakoitzak hirietako elementuen irakurketa ezberdin bat egiten du haien jarduera garatzeko. Hartara, espazio eraikia erabiltzeko beste begirada bata darabilte. Hots, hiri-funtzio eta espazio-mugak gainditzen dituzte gorputz mugimendu aske eta jostalariaren bidez.: Skaters and parcour runners use urban space in creative ways to practise their sport, whereby each make different interpretations of the urban elements in order to develop their skills. This implies an alternative standpoint in the use of the urban built space. That is, they transgress urban function and space-limits through free and playfull body movement.
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Parkour: Creating loose spaces?
Autor
Ameel & Tani
2012
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Geografiska Annaler, Series B: Human Geography
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Loose space, parkour, public space, tight space
Resumen
Parkour is a spectacular and highly mediatized new way of movement that challenges conceptions of acceptable or appropriate behaviour in urban public space. This article will examine the potential of parkour to "loosen" urban spatial texture by applying recent thinking on loose and tight space by Karen A. Franck and Quentin Stevens to data gathered through in-depth interviews with parkour practitioners (traceurs) in two Finnish cities. When practising in urban public spaces, the traceurs we interviewed often caused confusion among other people. We explore how they negotiate their right to public space in the face of these reactions, either by evasion or with a combination of legal and moral arguments. We argue that parkour is not only a playful and confrontational practice with a potentially subversive character, but that the process of loosening space constitutes a complex dialectic, which may also involve a certain degree of tightening in the public space for other unexpected or unintended activities.
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Resistência ao Consumo em um Circuito Urbano de Parkour
Autor
Bernardo et al.
2011
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Comunicação, Mídia e Consumo
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Portugués
Palabras clave
Resistencia ao consumo, circuitos urbanos, etnografía, netnografía
Resumen
A partir de uma pesquisa alinhada ao método etnográfico, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar os valores e as práticas de resistência ao consumo adotadas pelos membros de um circuito urbano de parkour no Rio de Janeiro. Confiando em uma abordagem indutiva e interpretativa amparada por um estudo empírico de base qualitativa, foram exploradas quatro categorias de análise: (1) a resistência como valor essencial; (2) um percurso de doação; (3) o consumo aprisiona; e (4) mobilização social e resistência.
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Re-descubriendo el cuerpo a través de la ciudad, re-descubriendo la ciudad a través del cuerpo
Autor
Ferrero
2011
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Encrucijadas
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Parkour, Desplazamiento, Espacio urbano, Cuerpo y límite
Resumen
La ciudad en sus espacios públicos, lugar de paseos y tránsito de ciudadanos, en los últimos años, está siendo re-pensada y re-utilizada a través del movimiento. Un movimiento corporal que ha tomado el nombre de parkour. Una nueva manera de ver el espacio y entender el lugar que un individuo ocupa en él. En esta nota de investigación se pretenden establecer una serie de indicaciones para comprender esta actividad y ofrecer claves que puedan servir de estímulo para futuras investigaciones sobre el tema. Cómo surge el parkour, hacia dónde se está dirigiendo o qué implica esta actividad, son algunas de las cuestiones que se tratarán.
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